Willie Wagtail Yoshihiro Tada/ClimateWatch user

Willie Wagtail

Did You Know?

Average weight 18 grams
It is the largest and most well-known of the Australian fantails
It may re-use its nest from the previous year, or destroy the old nest and re-use the materials to build a new nest
It actively defends its territory, even behaving aggressively toward birds and animals much larger than itself

One of Australia's most widespread birds on mainland.Mostly black with a white belly and eyebrow. A young bird has paler, slightly rusty edges to its wing feathers.

Size

18 - 22 cm long (from head to tail)

Behaviour

Call

Whistled notes which can be interpreted as "sweet-pretty-creature"; also harsh chattering.

Diet

Small insects and animals that live on, or just under, the surface of the ground, including grasshoppers, scarab beetles, insect larvae, frogs and small lizards. During the day it walks along jabbing its beak into the ground, searching for food.

Movement

Agile and twisting. It is usually seen alone or in pairs, although in winter it may join a flock, often with other species.

Breeding

It's nest is a neat cup of grasses covered with spider's web on the outside and lined with soft grasses, hair and fur. Three cream eggs, speckled with grey and brown, are incubated for 14 days by both parents. The young birds spend about 14 days in the nest then are driven away when the next clutch starts to hatch. In favourable conditions there may be four successive clutches in a season.

What to Observe

Courting/Mating
Nesting
Calling
Feeding
Bird with chicks
Bird on eggs
Bird in nest
Bird feeding begging young

Climate Adaptations

Warmer weather due to climate change may potentially extend the breeding season of Willie Wagtails by allowing them to start breeding earlier and continue until later in the year.

When and Where

When To Look

Usually nests from August to February, although it can nest year round
Eggs hatch about 14 days after being laid
Young birds leave the nest when they are 14 days old

Where To Look

Throughout mainland Australia, but not usually in Tasmania
In most open habitats, especially forests and woodlands, and common in urban areas
Not found in wet forests or rainforests
Its nest is built on a horizontal tree branch or other similar structure

What Else?

Any other black-and-white fantail or flycatcher generally won't have the black throat and white eyebrows.

Similar Species

Restless Flycatcher (Myiagra inquieta) has a black head crest which makes it look more angular, and lacks the white eyebrow. Its chin and throat are white, instead of black, and its tail is less rounded and doesn't wag.

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